HISTORICKÝ ČASOPIS |
5/2024 |
VEDECKÝ ČASOPIS O DEJINÁCH SLOVENSKA A STREDNEJ EURÓPY |
VEDECKÝ ČASOPIS O DEJINÁCH SLOVENSKA A
STREDNEJ EURÓPY
VYDÁVA HISTORICKÝ ÚSTAV SLOVENSKEJ AKADÉMIE VIED, V. V. I. ISSN 0018-2575 (print) ISSN 2585-9099 (online) EV 3084/09 Všetky obsahy sú čitateľom voľne dostupné podľa licencie Creative Commons CC BY 4.0. Indexovanie a abstraktovanie: Web of Science Core Collection: Arts & Humanities Citation Index Additional Web of Science Indexes: Current Contents Arts & Humanities Scopus CEEOL CEJSH EBSCO Historical Abstracts ESF (HUM) ERIH plus |
AKTUÁLNE ČÍSLO | REDAKCIA | POKYNY PRE AUTOROV | ARCHÍV | PREDPLATNÉ | O ČASOPISE | PUBLIKAČNÁ ETIKA | VÝZVY Political and Class Reliability Screening 1957–1958 in Slovakia: an Element of Forced Social Mobility Historický časopis, 2024, 72, 4, pp. 771-809, Bratislava. Abstract: The 1958 political and class reliability screenings took place against the backdrop of the renewal of repressive policy pursued by the CPC leadership. Their course in Slovakia, so far not explored in detail, is studied mainly in the context of building new executive elites loyal to the post-1948 political regime. Based on the research into the CPC archival documents, we can surmise that, in addition to cases of espionage in state bodies revealed in 1957, the screenings were prompted by general distrust of members of the pre-1948 middle classes and executive elites or their descendants. This distrust grew following the suppression of attempts to liberalise the communist regime in Czechoslovakia and political unrest in Poland and Hungary in 1956, seen by the CP leadership as part of conspiracy by the regimes enemies. One of the reasons behind the purges was an effort of the so-called new intelligentsia, i.e. new executive elites recruited from the workers and peasants backgrounds after 1948 despite not meeting the relevant qualification criteria, to restore their power positions, which had been shaken by the liberalisation of cadre policy in the mid-1950s. Apart from the political and class reliability screenings in state offices, purges were also conducted in other departments. These were primarily concerned with the pre-1948 activities of those under scrutiny and their class origin. In Slovakia, added to the above issues was the employees’ relationship to so-called Slovak bourgeois nationalism, the campaign against which was renewed in the autumn of 1956. The screenings were the last mass purge before the onset of ‘normalisation’ of 1969–1970; its impact on society was mitigated by the political liberalisation in Czechoslovakia after 1963. Keywords: 1958 political and class screenings. Communist Party of Czechoslovakia. Communist Party of Slovakia. Elite formation. Conspiracy theories.‘Slovak bourgeois nationalism’. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31577/histcaso.2024.72.4.7
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